Released in 2013, the RM52-01 has an innovative TZP ceramic and carbon nanotubes case, with pink gold “Skull”, made in a limited edition of just 30 examples. The classic Mille tonneau-shaped case design is highlighted by the “Skull” front and center on the dial. Imagery of the skull has long been used in art as a convention for death, and the idea of memento mori, a reminder of one’s mortality, and the inevitability of death. In the field of horology, the skull theme became popular in the 16th century with skull-shaped pocket watches, and later appeared in clocks and automatons during the 18th and 19th centuries. Mille returned to the skull in the 21st century as a symbol for vanitas vanitatum, or the promise of eternity, and a representation of the brand’s expression of liberty and nonconformity, which are keystones of their philosophy. The signature case and bezel are made from TZP, a low density material that is highly scratch resistant with a low thermal conductivity coefficient. The case middle features carbon nanotubes bonded to a black polymer that is lightweight yet extremely rigid, adding protection to the movement and its tourbillon-equipped escapement.The case is water resistant to 50 meters, and assembled with grade 5 titainum spline screws used to better control torque.